Anfāl 7item We are livestock owners and graze our herd in a forest. We have been practicing this job for more than fifty years and hold a legal document of ownership to this forest through inheritance. Besides, this forest is also an endowment for the Commander of the faithful Imam Ali, the Master of Martyrs Imam Ḥusayn, and Abulfaḍl al-Abbās (a.). In this forest livestock owners led a life of ease and comfort for many years and have residential houses, agricultural lands, and gardens. Recently, the foresters have decided to expel us from this forest and take it over. Do they have the right to do so or not? Is the priority right of nomads with respect to utilization of their pastures - each tribe with respect to its own pasture - terminated by their departure from that pasture with the intention of returning to it - given that this departure has been constantly occurring since tens of years ago? Is it permissible for tribes to claim ownership of the summer and winter pastures where they have been frequently traveling to and fro for dozens of years? Does the municipality have an exclusive right with respect to making use of river bed’s sand in the construction and development of the city and so on? In case of permissibility, if someone, other than the municipality, alleges to be the owner of a river bed, will his claim be considered? There is a village that faces a shortage of pastures and agricultural lands. This village used to provide its public expenses through the sale of pasture grasses. This has continued after the Islamic Revolution but now the authorities prevent such action. Considering that the residents of this village are economically poor and that the pasture has been abandoned (became bā’ir), does the consultative assembly of the village have the right to prevent the residents from selling pasture grasses to provide the public finances needed for the village? Are livestock owners, who have permission to graze their livestock, allowed to enter private farms located next to the pastures in order to drink the farms’ water or give it to their livestock without owners’ permission? When is it correct and when is it incorrect to buy and sell (tribal) pastures?